I’m a passionate writer and educator, specializing in creative writing, script development and English language instruction. Drawing from my experience in education and content creation, I love writing stories that inform, entertain and uplift. I romanticize little moments, I believe in the power of excitement, I find pleasure in helping others grow through language and storrytelling.

  • Certifications: TEFL Certificate, IELTS Certificate,

  • TOEFL ITP CertificateAwards/Activities: Attaining Silver medal in the field of English competition (NationalCompetition Hardiknas)

Writing Samples

ORIGINAL ARTICLE: HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(Definition, Theories, Characteristics, Examples, Types, & Facts | Britannica)
human behaviour, the potential and expressed capacity for physical, mental, and social activity during the phases of human life.Humans, like other animal species, have a typical life course that consists of successive phases of growth, each of which is characterized by a distinct set of physical, physiological, and behavioral features. These phases are prenatal life, infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood (including old age). Human development, or developmental psychology, is a field of study that attempts to describe and explain the changes in human cognitive, emotional, and behavioral capabilities and functioning over the entire life span, from the fetus to old age.
Most scientific research on human development has concentrated on the period from birth through early adolescence, owing to both the rapidity and magnitude of the psychological changes observed during those phases and to the fact that they culminate in the optimum mental functioning of early adulthood. A primary motivation of many investigators in the field has been to determine how the culminating mental abilities of adulthood were reached during the preceding phases. This essay will concentrate, therefore, on human development during the first 12 years of life.
Three prominent theories of human development emerged in the 20th century, each addressing different aspects of psychological growth. In retrospect, these and other theories seem to have been neither logically rigorous nor able to account for both intellectual and emotional growth within the same framework. Research in the field has thus tended to be descriptive, since developmental psychology lacks a tight net of interlocking theoretical propositions that reliably permit satisfying explanations.
1. Psychoanalytic theories
Early psychoanalytic theories of human behaviour were set forth most notably by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Freud’s ideas were influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and by the physical concept of energy as applied to the central nervous system. Freud’s most basic hypothesis was that each child is born with a source of basic psychological energy called libido. Further, each child’s libido becomes successively focused on various parts of the body (in addition to people and objects) in the course of his or her emotional development. During the first postnatal year, libido is initially focused on the mouth and its activities; nursing enables the infant to derive gratification through a pleasurable reduction of tension in the oral region. Freud called this the oral stage of development. During the second year, the source of excitation is said to shift to the anal area, and the start of toilet training leads the child to invest libido in the anal functions. Freud called this period of development the anal stage. During the period from three through six years, the child’s attention is attracted to sensations from the genitals, and Freud called this stage the phallic stage. The half dozen years before puberty are called the latency stage. During the final and so-called genital stage of development, mature gratification is sought in a heterosexual love relationship with another. Freud believed that adult emotional problems result from either deprivation or excessive gratification during the oral, anal, or phallic stages. A child with libido fixated at one of these stages would in adulthood show specific neurotic symptoms, such as anxiety.
Freud devised an influential theory of personality structure. According to him, a wholly unconscious mental structure called the id contains a person’s inborn, inherited drives and instinctual forces and is closely identified with his or her basic psychological energy (libido). During infancy and childhood, the ego, which is the reality-oriented portion of the personality, develops to balance and complement the id. The ego utilizes a variety of conscious and unconscious mental processes to try to satisfy id instincts while also trying to maintain the individual comfortably in relation to the environment. Although id impulses are constantly directed toward obtaining immediate gratification of one’s major instinctual drives (sex, affection, aggression, self-preservation), the ego functions to set limits on this process. In Freud’s language, as the child grows, the reality principle gradually begins to control the pleasure principle; the child learns that the environment does not always permit immediate gratification. Child development, according to Freud, is thus primarily concerned with the emergence of the functions of the ego, which is responsible for channeling the discharge of fundamental drives and for controlling intellectual and perceptual functions in the process of negotiating realistically with the outside world.
Although Freud made great contributions to psychological theory—particularly in his concept of unconscious urges and motivations—his elegant concepts cannot be verified through scientific experimentation and empirical observation. But his concentration on emotional development in early childhood influenced even those schools of thought that rejected his theories. The belief that personality is affected by both biological and psychosocial forces operating principally within the family, with the major foundations being laid early in life, continues to prove fruitful in research on infant and child development.
Freud’s emphasis on biological and psychosexual motives in personality development was modified by German-born American psychoanalyst Erik Erikson to include psychosocial and social factors. Erikson viewed emotional development over the life span as a sequence of stages during which there occur important inner conflicts whose successful resolution depends on both the child and his or her environment. These conflicts can be thought of as interactions between instinctual drives and motives on the one hand and social and other external factors on the other. Erikson evolved eight stages of development, the first four of which are: (1) infancy, trust versus mistrust, (2) early childhood, autonomy versus shame and doubt, (3) preschool, initiative versus guilt, and (4) school age, industry versus inferiority. Conflicts at any one stage must be resolved if personality problems are to be avoided. (Erikson’s developmental stages during adulthood are discussed below in the section Development in adulthood and old age.)

PERILAKU MANUSIA
Perilaku manusia, potensi dan kemampuan berekspresi untuk aktivitas fisik, mental, dan sosial selama fase kehidupan manusia.Manusia, seperti spesies hewan lainnya, memiliki lintasan kehidupan khusus yang terdiri dari fase-fase pertumbuhan secara berturut-turut, masing-masing ditandai oleh sekumpulan fitur-fitur fisik, fisiologis, dan perilaku yang berbeda. Fase-fase ini adalah kehidupan prenatal, bayi, masa kanak-kanak, remaja, dan dewasa (termasuk usia tua). Perkembangan manusia, atau psikologi perkembangan, adalah bidang studi yang berupaya untuk menggambarkan dan menjelaskan perubahan dalam kemampuan dan fungsi kognitif, emosional, dan perilaku manusia sepanjang rentang kehidupan, mulai dari janin hingga usia tua.
Sebagian besar penelitian ilmiah tentang perkembangan manusia telah difokuskan pada periode sejak kelahiran hingga awal remaja, karena cepat dan besarnya perubahan psikologis yang diamati selama fase-fase tersebut dan karena fakta bahwa perubahan pada fungsi mental yang optimal ini mencapai puncaknya pada awal dewasa. Motivasi utama banyak peneliti di bidang ini telah untuk menentukan bagaimana kemampuan mental yang mencapai puncak pada masa dewasa dicapai selama fase-fase sebelumnya. Oleh karena itu, esai ini akan berfokus pada perkembangan manusia selama 12 tahun pertama kehidupan.
Tiga teori utama tentang perkembangan manusia muncul pada abad ke-20, masing-masing mengatasi aspek pertumbuhan psikologis yang berbeda. Dalam retrospeksi, teori-teori ini dan yang lainnya tampaknya tidak logis atau tidak mampu menjelaskan pertumbuhan intelektual dan emosional dalam kerangka kerja yang sama. Penelitian di bidang ini cenderung bersifat deskriptif, karena psikologi perkembangan kurang memiliki jaringan proposisi teoritis yang saling terkait yang memungkinkan penjelasan yang memuaskan.
Teori Psikoanalisis
Teori-teori awal psikoanalisis tentang perilaku manusia diajukan terutama oleh neurologis Austria, Sigmund Freud. Ide-ide Freud dipengaruhi oleh teori evolusi Charles Darwin dan konsep fisik energi yang diterapkan pada sistem saraf pusat. Hipotesis paling dasar Freud adalah bahwa setiap anak lahir dengan sumber energi psikologis dasar yang disebut libido. Selanjutnya, libido setiap anak secara berturut-turut di[usatkan pada berbagai bagian tubuh (selain orang dan benda) dalam perkembangan emosionalnya. Selama tahun pertama setelah kelahiran, libido awalnya difokuskan pada mulut dan aktivitasnya; Pemberian ASI memungkinkan bayi untuk mendapatkan kepuasan melalui pengurangan ketegangan yang menyenangkan di daerah mulut. Freud menyebut ini sebagai tahap oral perkembangan. Selama tahun kedua, sumber rangsangan dikatakan bergeser ke daerah anal, dan awal latihan buang air besar membuat anak mengalihkan libido dalam fungsi anal. Freud menyebut periode perkembangan ini sebagai tahap anal. Selama periode antara usia tiga hingga enam tahun, perhatian anak tertarik pada sensasi dari alat kelamin, dan Freud menyebut tahap ini sebagai tahap falik. Enam tahun sebelum pubertas disebut tahap laten. Selama tahap perkembangan akhir yang disebut tahap genital, pencarian kenikmatan dilakukan dalam hubungan cinta heteroseksual dengan orang lain. Freud percaya bahwa masalah emosional pada orang dewasa dewasa disebabkan oleh baik kekurangan atau pemberian kepuasan yang berlebihan selama tahap oral, anal, atau falik. Seorang anak dengan libido yang terfiksasi pada salah satu tahap ini pada masa dewasa akan menunjukkan gejala neurotik tertentu, seperti kecemasan.
Freud merumuskan struktur teori kepribadian yang memberi pengaruh. Menurutnya, struktur mental yang sepenuhnya tidak sadar yang disebut id mengandung dorongan bawaan dan kekuatan naluri yang sangat erat berhubungan dengan energi psikologis dasar (libido). Selama masa bayi dan masa kanak-kanak, ego, yang merupakan bagian kepribadian yang berorientasi pada realitas, berkembang untuk seimbang dan melengkapi id. Ego menggunakan berbagai proses mental sadar dan tidak sadar untuk mencoba memuaskan dorongan id sambil juga berusaha menjaga individu agar tetap nyaman dalam hubungan dengan lingkungan. Meskipun dorongan id terus-menerus diarahkan pada bagaimana mendapatkan pemenuhan secara segera dari dorongan naluri utama seseorang (seks, kasih sayang, agresi, pertahanan diri), ego berfungsi untuk menetapkan batasan pada proses ini. Dalam bahasa Freud, saat anak tumbuh, prinsip realitas mulai secara bertahap mengendalikan prinsip kesenangan; anak belajar bahwa lingkungan tidak selalu memungkinkan pemenuhan secara segera. Menurut Freud, perkembangan anak, oleh karena itu, terutama berkaitan dengan munculnya fungsi ego, yang bertanggung jawab untuk mengarahkan pelepasan dorongan-dorongan fundamental dan mengendalikan fungsi-fungsi intelektual dan perseptual dalam proses bernegosiasi dengan dunia luar secara realistis.
Meskipun Freud memberikan kontribusi besar pada teori psikologi—terutama dalam konsep dorongan dan motivasi yang tidak sadar—konsep-konsepnya yang elegan tidak dapat diverifikasi melalui eksperimen ilmiah dan pengamatan empiris. Namun, konsentrasinya pada perkembangan emosional pada masa kanak-kanak awal bahkan memengaruhi aliran pemikiran yang menolak teorinya. Kepercayaan bahwa kepribadian dipengaruhi oleh gaya hidup biologis dan psikososial yang beroperasi terutama dalam keluarga, dengan dasar-dasar utama yang diletakkan pada masa awal kehidupan, terus terbukti bermanfaat dalam penelitian tentang perkembangan bayi dan anak.
Pentingnya dorongan biologis dan psikoseksual dalam perkembangan kepribadian yang dikemukakan oleh Freud dimodifikasi oleh psikoanalis kelahiran Jerman-Amerika, Erik Erikson, untuk mengikutsertakan faktor-faktor psikososial dan sosial. Erikson melihat perkembangan emosional sepanjang rentang kehidupan sebagai urutan tahap-tahap di mana terjadi konflik internal penting yang resolusi keberhasilannya tergantung pada anak dan lingkungannya. Konflik ini dapat dianggap sebagai interaksi antara dorongan-dorongan naluri dan motivasi di satu sisi dan faktor-faktor eksternal sosial dan lainnya di sisi lain. Erikson mengembangkan delapan tahap perkembangan, empat tahap pertama di antaranya adalah: (1) bayi, kepercayaan versus ketidakpercayaan, (2) masa kanak-kanak awal, otonomi versus rasa malu dan ragu, (3) prasekolah, inisiatif versus rasa bersalah, dan (4) usia sekolah, industri versus perasaan rendah diri. Konflik pada setiap tahap harus diselesaikan agar masalah kepribadian dapat dihindari. (Tahap perkembangan Erikson selama dewasa akan dibahas di bagian perkembangan pada masa dewasa dan usia tua.)

Script TimephoriaHook:
Gua demen nihh di Bali, karena dikira akamsi.Lo pikir jadi cewek Bali tuh gampang? Muka harus glowy, pipi harus merah merona, bibir harus nyala biar kalau senyum... yang liat langsung ngelamun. Gampaaang. Ada TimephoriaHari ini gue gak main-main. Ini gue pake cushion dari timephoria timeless lumina perfect matte cushion, finish kayak second skin tapi bisa nutup dosa-dosa masa lalu. Medium to full tapi rasa-rasanya kayak ga pake apa-apa.Lanjut gue habegg pipi pake timephoria pandora blush. Baru titik dikit langsung gacor merahnya. Blending-nya? semulus hubungan guaa. Tahan lama, gak ilang walau gue senyum-senyum sendiri seharian.Terakhir, bibir. Bibir tuh penting. Itu yang orang liat pertama waktu lo senyum. Gue pake timephoria stellar dust lip stain, yang shade Enigma. Glossy finish tapi pigmentasinya gasaaak. Dan yang paling penting, gak bikin bibir gue kering. Ini hidrasi-nya gokilMakeup udah on point. Kamera siapin slow-mo. Tinggal lo yang belum upgrade makeup lo. Senggol TIMEPHORIA dulu biar bisa ikut masuk dimensi kece bareng gue.Thanks for watching, bye

Script Dazzle Me Ink Matte(Opening - 3 detik pertama, brutal test)
"Bibir Artha pas makan seblak, kabarin kalo biru"Mulut gue udah kebakar, TAPI BIBIR GUE? Masih keceeee. Ini sih bukan lip cream biasa, ini seblak-proofNih kenalin Ink Matte Lip Cream, yang bikin bibir lo stay on point dari siang sampe ketemu gebetan malemnya. Sekali swipe? Warna langsung naik, matte tapi masih enak di bibir(Brutal test lanjutan. Minum, tap bibir ke tisu)
Minum dulu ya, biar ga ada dusta di antara kita… minum, cek gelas IDIH, kagak ada jejaknya dong?! Nih, pake tisu juga… usap bibir MASIH NYETEY. Ini sih, bisa temenin lo dari first date sampe nikahan.12 jam no geser, no crack, ada 4X botanical infusion. Bibir lo tetep moist, ga ada ceritanya pecah-pecahJadi mau tunggu apa lagi? Warna lengkap, tahan lama, udah jelas ini jawaban dari doa-doa.Thanks for watching, bye

Script Burger BangorHOOK (buka box burger dengan ekspresi puas)
Gue udah siap kecewa, tapi ternyata burger ini juara.Daging tebel, juicy, bikin nagih, ga ada saing. Lu liat Grillbox Superior bae bae, bukan sembarang paket,
Lima burger, nugget, sosis, fries, full set.(Gigit burger)
Pitik Fire? Crispy spicy, pedesnya nempel sampe dalem. Bun lembut, ayamnya pedes, mantap boii. Spicy Nugget? Makan sekali langsung jatuh hati. Gurih pedesnya bikin lu kebawa mimpi.Burger premium, halal, dagingnya 100 persen,
Tapi harga tetep santai, mulai 13 ribuan kawan. 660 outlet? Ga usah bingung beli di mana, lu kepeleset juga nyampe. Idiih.Udahlaah si Bangor udah jelas burger orang berkelas, rasa dan kualitasnya anjaaas. Thanks for watching, bye

Script Moko-mokoHook:
Lip tint lu ekali makan ilang? Ini? Makan, minum, gak ada lawanSekali swipe? Idiiih, empuk banget!
Gak seret, gak retak, bibir tetep cakep tanpa cela. Matte tapi gak kering, justru makin lembut, makin clingMakan, minum, sengaja usap pake tisu, woy masih stay bosskuu. Mau lo di bawah matahari atau di bawah hujan badai, nih lipstik tetep aman sentosa.Mau nude yang kalem atau bold yang serem? Tenang, ada semua boii. Satu warna buat daily, satu warna buat party, satu warna biar makin berani. Pokoknya sikat, biar bibir lo auto kelas tinggi.Jadi masih mau pake lipstik yang gampang ambyar? Udah lah, upgrade ke Moko-moko Addictink, biar bibir lo on point, gacor, dan anti lunturThanks for watching, bye

Sometimes I wonder, does the deeper knowing of me carve away the love meant for me? When the curtain is pulled back, when the laughter peels into anger, when the tenderness fractures into uneven moods, when they no longer behold a portrait but a living, aching, wavering thing.. would they still stay? And yet, there are a precious few, gathered gently within the fragile sphere of my keeping, who have seen the fault lines, the storms, the quiet unbecoming. They have stayed, not because they were blind to my ruins, but because they loved me through them, and somehow, loved me even more. Their adoration feels like the most precious thing, that I am, still, and always, more than enough.

Through tempests of doubt and hours stitched with sorrow, I have learned: no shadow cast upon me can lessen my light. I'm not the sum of my wounded days, nor the weight of my faltering steps. I'm still wholly, gloriously myself, unwavering against the brittle hands of judgment. And my love for who I am.. I remain loyal to myself, with a love that neither shrinks nor wavers.

The age-old axiom, “treat others the way you wish to be treated,” never sat quite right with me. It hums of reciprocity, yes, noble in theory, but bound, too tightly, to expectation. And therein lies the quiet heartbreak: when kindness is not returned, when the world echoes silence instead of grace, one is left unraveling into a hollow of disillusion. So I’ve rewritten the creed, quietly, resolutely: “Treat yourself the way you wish to be treated.” For how can one demand reverence from others, if they have not first learned to honor the fragile, sacred architecture of their own being?

Perhaps what the soul yearns for most isn't greatness or the boisterous, public adoration of a world in constant hurry, but the gentle, unbranded beauty of the ordinary. The quiet, unannounced miracles that do not cry out for attention but simply settle in the heart, leaving a healing much deeper than anything great success might.It is the wag of your pet’s tail, welcoming you home with no agenda save for love. The open elevator door, held so small an action but one that resounds with unspoken beauty. The aroma of a comfort food wafting on the breeze, stirring over-long-sleeping memories. A wildflower blooming boldly in a crack in the pavement. The laughter—quick, abrupt, healing—spilling out of a moment you did not know you needed.No headlines will ever be placed on these things. But in their quiet persistence, they stitch our days. They whisper, softly: Look. You are still alive. There is still beauty.And then, after a lifetime of speed, we finally learn to temper our pace, to look and find that it is not triumph that infuses us with life—but these delicate splinters of wonder, these whispers of stillness that will not be refused, even as the world that surrounds us disintegrates at the seams.For it is not always in the grandeur peak, but in the stillness that falls between the strokes, that we find what it means to live.